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USS Neosho (1863)
USS ''Neosho'', the lead ship of her class, was an ironclad river monitor laid down for the Union Navy in the summer of 1862 during the American Civil War. After completion in mid-1863, the ship spent time patrolling the Mississippi River against Confederate raids and ambushes as part of Rear Admiral David Porter's Mississippi Squadron. She participated in the Red River Campaign in March–May 1864. ''Neosho'' resumed her patrols on the Mississippi after the end of the campaign. She supported the Union Army's operations on the Cumberland River and provided fire support during the Battle of Nashville in December 1864. ''Neosho'' was decommissioned after the war and remained in reserve until sold in 1873.
== Design and description ==
The steam-powered gun turret of the ''Neosho'' was at the bow. She had a single deckhouse between the funnel and the sternwheel, although another was later added between the turret and the funnel. Her pilothouse was positioned above the rear deckhouse, next to the forward face of the sternwheel. The ship was long overall and had a beam of . When launched she proved to have a draft deeper than planned and she measured 523 tons burthen. ''Neosho'' had four steam boilers powering a two-cylinder, western steamboat-type engine that drove the sternwheel.〔Silverstone, p. 149〕 The ship had a maximum speed of in service〔Canney, p. 109〕 and she carried of coal.〔Gibbons, p. 57〕 Her crew numbered 100 officers and enlisted men. After commissioning, the ship was modified with a small breakwater at her bow.〔
''Neosho''s main armament consisted of two smoothbore Dahlgren guns mounted in a single turret〔Konstam, p. 42〕 that had an arc of fire of 300°. Firing the guns tended to jam the turret until modifications were made to the guns' recoil system.〔 Each gun weighed approximately . They could fire a shell up to a range of at an elevation of 15°.〔Olmstead, et al., p. 90〕 The turret were protected by of wrought iron while the hull had of armor. The armor plates of the deck and paddle housing were thick.〔
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